{"id":1278,"date":"2026-07-20T17:00:09","date_gmt":"2026-07-20T14:00:09","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/life-peptide.com\/?post_type=product&#038;p=1278"},"modified":"2026-07-21T11:14:51","modified_gmt":"2026-07-21T08:14:51","slug":"ss-31","status":"publish","type":"product","link":"https:\/\/life-peptide.com\/it\/product\/ss-31\/","title":{"rendered":"SS-31 \/ 10 mg"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>SS-31, also known as <strong>Elamipretide, MTP-131 or Bendavia<\/strong>, is a synthetic <strong>mitochondria-targeting tetrapeptide<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p>Unlike most peptides, SS-31 does not primarily interact with a cell-surface receptor. Instead, it rapidly enters cells and selectively accumulates within mitochondria, where it binds cardiolipin, a phospholipid unique to the inner mitochondrial membrane.<\/p>\n<p>Because cardiolipin is essential for maintaining mitochondrial architecture and efficient ATP production, SS-31 has become one of the leading investigational peptides for research into <strong>mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative stress and cellular energy metabolism<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h4><strong>Why SS-31 is widely investigated<\/strong><\/h4>\n<p>Published research has investigated SS-31 in relation to:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>mitochondrial repair<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>cellular energy production<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>ATP synthesis<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>oxidative stress<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>muscle physiology<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>healthy aging<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>cardiovascular research<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>neurodegeneration<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>mitochondrial disease<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Unlike metabolic peptides that regulate cellular signalling, SS-31 directly targets the physical structure of mitochondria, making it unique among modern research peptides.<\/p>\n<h4><strong>How SS-31 works<\/strong><\/h4>\n<p><strong>Cardiolipin stabilisation<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>SS-31 selectively binds cardiolipin, an essential phospholipid located within the inner mitochondrial membrane.<\/p>\n<p>Cardiolipin plays a critical role in maintaining mitochondrial cristae structure and supporting the electron transport chain. Under conditions of oxidative stress, cardiolipin becomes damaged, reducing mitochondrial efficiency. Published research suggests SS-31 helps stabilise this membrane environment and preserve mitochondrial function.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Cellular energy production<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>By preserving mitochondrial structure, SS-31 has been investigated for improving the efficiency of oxidative phosphorylation and ATP generation.\u00a0Rather than stimulating mitochondria to produce more energy, SS-31 appears to help dysfunctional mitochondria produce energy more efficiently.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Oxidative stress<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Numerous preclinical studies have investigated SS-31 for reducing mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) and limiting oxidative damage associated with impaired mitochondrial function.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Tissue protection<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Because mitochondria influence virtually every organ system, SS-31 has been investigated across cardiovascular, neurological, renal and skeletal muscle research, making it one of the broadest mitochondrial peptides currently available.<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h4><strong>Why SS-31 is different from other mitochondrial peptides<\/strong><\/h4>\n<p>Not all mitochondrial peptides investigate the same biology.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/life-peptide.com\/it\/product\/mots-c-10-mg\/\">MOTS-c<\/a> investigates how cells regulate energy metabolism by activating adaptive metabolic signalling pathways.<\/p>\n<p><strong>SS-31<\/strong> investigates how mitochondria physically produce energy by stabilising the inner mitochondrial membrane and preserving electron transport chain function.<\/p>\n<p>Rather than changing metabolic signalling, SS-31 focuses on maintaining the mitochondrial machinery itself.<\/p>\n<p>This distinction has made SS-31 one of the most important investigational peptides for mitochondrial biology and healthy aging research.<\/p>\n<h4><strong>Ricerca umana e preclinica<\/strong><\/h4>\n<p>SS-31 has progressed further into clinical development than many research peptides.<\/p>\n<p>Human studies have investigated SS-31 in <strong>primary mitochondrial disease, Barth syndrome, heart failure, kidney injury and ophthalmic disorders<\/strong>, while extensive preclinical research has explored its effects on skeletal muscle, neurodegeneration, ischemia-reperfusion injury and age-related mitochondrial dysfunction.<\/p>\n<p>Although clinical results have varied by indication, SS-31 remains one of the best-characterised mitochondria-targeting peptides currently under investigation.<\/p>\n<h4><strong>Osservazioni di sicurezza pubblicate<\/strong><\/h4>\n<p>SS-31 has undergone multiple clinical studies across several disease areas.<\/p>\n<p>Published trials have generally reported favourable tolerability, with adverse events typically mild to moderate. Clinical efficacy has varied depending on the condition under investigation, highlighting the complexity of mitochondrial diseases and the need for continued research.<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h3><strong>Caratteristiche del prodotto<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>Applicazione: ricerca di laboratorio e analitica<br \/>\nUso limitato: non per il consumo umano; non per uso medico, veterinario o cosmetico<br \/>\nProdotto in stabilimenti conformi alle GMP secondo rigidi protocolli di controllo qualit\u00e0.<br \/>\nOgni lotto viene accuratamente testato in laboratorio dopo la produzione (puoi trovare il Certificato di Analisi sotto le immagini del prodotto).<br \/>\nLiofilizzato (liofilizzato) per la massima stabilit\u00e0 e una lunga durata di conservazione.<br \/>\nSigillato in fiale sterili, pronto per la ricostituzione.<br \/>\nPurity: \u2265 99.88% , HPLC tested.<br \/>\nAspetto: polvere liofilizzata bianca<br \/>\nFormula molecolare: C<sub>32<\/sub>H<sub>49<\/sub>N<sub>9<\/sub>O<sub>5<\/sub><br \/>\nMolecular weight: 639.79<\/p>\n<p><strong>Archiviazione<\/strong>flaconcini liofilizzati non aperti sono meglio conservati <strong>refrigerato a 2\u20138\u00b0C<\/strong>, che \u00e8 il metodo di conservazione confermato dal nostro partner di produzione e adatto fino a 24 mesi. Si preferisce la refrigerazione perch\u00e9 minimizza inutili cicli di congelamento-scongelamento durante la manipolazione di routine. Se \u00e8 necessaria una conservazione a termine sostanzialmente pi\u00f9 lungo, i flaconcini liofilizzati non aperti possono anche essere conservati congelati. Una volta ricostituita, conservare sempre a 2-8\u00b0C e non congelare.<\/p>\n<h4><strong>Ricostituzione e manipolazione<\/strong><\/h4>\n<p>SS-31 is supplied as a lyophilised vial and should be handled using standard peptide reconstitution procedures appropriate to the research setting. Must be reconstituted with <a href=\"https:\/\/life-peptide.com\/it\/product\/bac-10-ml\/\">acqua batteriostatica<\/a> prima dell'uso. Per aiutare a preservare l'integrit\u00e0 strutturale, aggiungere il solvente scelto lentamente contro la parete interna del flaconcino piuttosto che direttamente sulla polvere del peptide, ed evitare agitazioni vigorose. Il delicato movimento rotatorio \u00e8 generalmente sufficiente una volta che il peptide si \u00e8 completamente sciolto. La pratica standard di laboratorio include anche il far raggiungere ai flaconcini refrigerati la temperatura ambiente prima della ricostituzione per minimizzare la condensa all'interno del flaconcino.<\/p>\n<p>Per altre indicazioni sulla scelta del solvente, sulla pianificazione della concentrazione e sullo stoccaggio, consultare il pieno <a href=\"https:\/\/life-peptide.com\/it\/reconstitution-of-peptides\/\">Guida alla Ricostituzione dei Peptidi<\/a> e <a href=\"https:\/\/life-peptide.com\/it\/calculator\/\">Calcolatore di Ricostituzione<\/a>.<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h4><strong>Riferimenti di ricerca selezionati<\/strong><\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>Wang Y, et al. <em>Elamipretide: A Review of Its Structure, Mechanism of Action, and Therapeutic Potential, Life<\/em>, 2025<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>A comprehensive review covering SS-31&#8217;s mechanism, cardiolipin binding, mitochondrial bioenergetics and clinical development.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Liu Y, et al. <em>Application Research of Novel Peptide Mitochondrial-Targeted Antioxidant SS-31 in Mitigating Mitochondrial Dysfunction, Redox Report<\/em>, 2024<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>A detailed review of SS-31&#8217;s mechanisms and analysis of 18 clinical trials across mitochondrial disorders and related diseases.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Chatfield KC, et al. <em>Elamipretide Improves Mitochondrial Function in the Failing Human Heart, JACC: Basic to Translational Science<\/em>, 2019<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Demonstrates improvements in mitochondrial function in human heart tissue and supports SS-31&#8217;s cardiolipin-targeted mechanism.<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h4><strong>Domande Frequenti<\/strong><\/h4>\n<p><strong>What is SS-31?<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>SS-31 (Elamipretide) is a synthetic tetrapeptide that selectively targets mitochondria by binding cardiolipin within the inner mitochondrial membrane. It is widely investigated for mitochondrial repair, cellular energy production and healthy aging research.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Why is SS-31 called a mitochondrial repair peptide?<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Unlike most peptides that activate cell-surface receptors, SS-31 directly targets the inner mitochondrial membrane. Research suggests it helps preserve mitochondrial structure, improve bioenergetics and reduce oxidative stress in dysfunctional mitochondria.<\/p>\n<p><strong>How is SS-31 different from MOTS-c?<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Both investigate mitochondrial biology, but MOTS-c primarily regulates metabolic signalling, whereas SS-31 focuses on the physical integrity and efficiency of the mitochondrial energy-producing machinery. They investigate complementary aspects of mitochondrial function.<\/p>\n<p><strong>What research areas commonly investigate SS-31?<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Current research includes mitochondrial disease, cardiovascular physiology, skeletal muscle function, neurodegeneration, kidney injury, metabolic disorders and healthy aging.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Is SS-31 one of the more clinically studied peptides?<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Yes. Compared with many research peptides, SS-31 has advanced into multiple Phase 2 and Phase 3 clinical programmes across several mitochondrial-related diseases, making it one of the best-studied mitochondrial peptides currently available.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Questo prodotto \u00e8 destinato all'uso umano?<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>No. SS-31 supplied by LIFE Peptide is intended strictly for laboratory and analytical research. It is not intended for human consumption, diagnosis, treatment or prevention of disease.<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h4><strong>Contesto di ricerca correlato<\/strong><\/h4>\n<p>SS-31 is frequently discussed alongside other research peptides investigating cellular energy, recovery and healthy aging, although each targets a different level of cellular physiology.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/life-peptide.com\/it\/product\/mots-c-10-mg\/\"><strong>MOTS-c<\/strong><\/a> \u2013 investigated for metabolic signalling, exercise adaptation and mitochondrial communication.<br \/>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/life-peptide.com\/it\/product\/epitalon-10-mg\/\"><strong>Epitalon<\/strong> <\/a>\u2013 studied for telomere biology, circadian regulation and healthy aging.<br \/>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/life-peptide.com\/it\/product\/ghk-cu-50-mg\/\"><strong>GHK-Cu<\/strong><\/a> \u2013 investigated for tissue repair, extracellular matrix remodelling and regenerative biology.<br \/>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/life-peptide.com\/it\/product\/ara-290-16-mg\/\"><strong>ARA-290<\/strong><\/a> \u2013 focuses on innate tissue repair, inflammatory signalling and nerve regeneration.<br \/>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/life-peptide.com\/it\/product\/cjc-1295-with-dac\/\"><strong>CJC-1295 con DAC<\/strong> <\/a>\u2013 investigated for sustained growth hormone and IGF-1 signalling that supports anabolic physiology.<\/p>\n<p>Although these peptides are frequently associated with longevity and recovery research, SS-31 stands apart through its direct action on mitochondrial structure and bioenergetics rather than hormonal or metabolic signalling.<\/p>\n<p><strong>NOTA<\/strong>: Questo \u00e8 solo a scopo didattico e non costituisce parere medico.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Disclaimer<\/strong><br \/>\nQuesto prodotto \u00e8 venduto esclusivamente a scopo di ricerca. Non \u00e8 destinato a diagnosticare, trattare, curare o prevenire alcuna malattia. L'acquirente si assume la piena responsabilit\u00e0 per la corretta manipolazione e utilizzo.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>SS-31 (Elamipretide) 10 mg is a research-grade mitochondrial repair peptide supplied in lyophilised form for laboratory use. It is one of the most extensively investigated peptides for mitochondrial function, cellular energy production and healthy aging, with clinical research spanning cardiovascular disease, mitochondrial disorders, muscle physiology and neurodegeneration.<\/p>\n<p>||<\/p>\n<p>Purity \u226599% | EU Shipping from \u20ac5 | Free shipping upgrades available | Card payments accepted<\/p>","protected":false},"featured_media":1275,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":[],"product_brand":[],"product_cat":[131],"product_tag":[361,362,329,359,357,323,360,364,363],"class_list":["post-1278","product","type-product","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","product_cat-cellular-mitochondrial-research","product_tag-atp-production","product_tag-cardiolipin","product_tag-cellular-energy","product_tag-elamipretide","product_tag-healthy-aging-peptide","product_tag-mitochondrial-peptide","product_tag-mitochondrial-repair","product_tag-mitochondrial-research","product_tag-oxidative-stress","first","instock","taxable","shipping-taxable","purchasable","product-type-simple"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/life-peptide.com\/it\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/product\/1278","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/life-peptide.com\/it\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/product"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/life-peptide.com\/it\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/product"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/life-peptide.com\/it\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1278"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/life-peptide.com\/it\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1275"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/life-peptide.com\/it\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1278"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"product_brand","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/life-peptide.com\/it\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/product_brand?post=1278"},{"taxonomy":"product_cat","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/life-peptide.com\/it\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/product_cat?post=1278"},{"taxonomy":"product_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/life-peptide.com\/it\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/product_tag?post=1278"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}