SS-31 / 10 mg

Beschreibung

SS-31, also known as Elamipretide, MTP-131 or Bendavia, is a synthetic mitochondria-targeting tetrapeptide.

Unlike most peptides, SS-31 does not primarily interact with a cell-surface receptor. Instead, it rapidly enters cells and selectively accumulates within mitochondria, where it binds cardiolipin, a phospholipid unique to the inner mitochondrial membrane.

Because cardiolipin is essential for maintaining mitochondrial architecture and efficient ATP production, SS-31 has become one of the leading investigational peptides for research into mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative stress and cellular energy metabolism.

Why SS-31 is widely investigated

Published research has investigated SS-31 in relation to:

• mitochondrial repair
• cellular energy production
• ATP synthesis
• oxidative stress
• muscle physiology
• gesundes Altern
• cardiovascular research
• neurodegeneration
• mitochondrial disease

Unlike metabolic peptides that regulate cellular signalling, SS-31 directly targets the physical structure of mitochondria, making it unique among modern research peptides.

How SS-31 works

Cardiolipin stabilisation

SS-31 selectively binds cardiolipin, an essential phospholipid located within the inner mitochondrial membrane.

Cardiolipin plays a critical role in maintaining mitochondrial cristae structure and supporting the electron transport chain. Under conditions of oxidative stress, cardiolipin becomes damaged, reducing mitochondrial efficiency. Published research suggests SS-31 helps stabilise this membrane environment and preserve mitochondrial function.

Cellular energy production

By preserving mitochondrial structure, SS-31 has been investigated for improving the efficiency of oxidative phosphorylation and ATP generation. Rather than stimulating mitochondria to produce more energy, SS-31 appears to help dysfunctional mitochondria produce energy more efficiently.

Oxidative stress

Numerous preclinical studies have investigated SS-31 for reducing mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) and limiting oxidative damage associated with impaired mitochondrial function.

Gewebeschutz

Because mitochondria influence virtually every organ system, SS-31 has been investigated across cardiovascular, neurological, renal and skeletal muscle research, making it one of the broadest mitochondrial peptides currently available.

Why SS-31 is different from other mitochondrial peptides

Not all mitochondrial peptides investigate the same biology.

MOTS-c investigates how cells regulate energy metabolism by activating adaptive metabolic signalling pathways.

SS-31 investigates how mitochondria physically produce energy by stabilising the inner mitochondrial membrane and preserving electron transport chain function.

Rather than changing metabolic signalling, SS-31 focuses on maintaining the mitochondrial machinery itself.

This distinction has made SS-31 one of the most important investigational peptides for mitochondrial biology and healthy aging research.

Menschliche und präklinische Forschung

SS-31 has progressed further into clinical development than many research peptides.

Human studies have investigated SS-31 in primary mitochondrial disease, Barth syndrome, heart failure, kidney injury and ophthalmic disorders, while extensive preclinical research has explored its effects on skeletal muscle, neurodegeneration, ischemia-reperfusion injury and age-related mitochondrial dysfunction.

Although clinical results have varied by indication, SS-31 remains one of the best-characterised mitochondria-targeting peptides currently under investigation.

Veröffentlichte Sicherheitsbeobachtungen

SS-31 has undergone multiple clinical studies across several disease areas.

Published trials have generally reported favourable tolerability, with adverse events typically mild to moderate. Clinical efficacy has varied depending on the condition under investigation, highlighting the complexity of mitochondrial diseases and the need for continued research.

Produkteigenschaften

Anwendung: Labor- und analytische Forschung
Verwendungseinschränkung: Nicht zum menschlichen Verzehr bestimmt; nicht für medizinische, veterinärmedizinische oder kosmetische Zwecke
Hergestellt in GMP-konformen Anlagen unter strengen Qualitätskontrollprotokollen.
Jede Charge wird nach der Produktion sorgfältig im Labor getestet (das Analysezertifikat finden Sie unter den Produktbildern).
Gefriergetrocknet (lyophilisiert) für maximale Stabilität und längere Haltbarkeit.
Steril in Fläschchen abgefüllt, bereit zur Rekonstitution.
Purity: ≥ 99.88% , HPLC tested.
Aussehen: weißes lyophilisiertes Pulver
Summenformel: C₃₂H₄₉N₉O₅
Molecular weight: 639.79

Speicherungeöffnete gefriergetrocknete Vials werden am besten gelagert gekühlte Lagerung bei 2–8°C, welche die von unserem Fertigungspartner bestätigte Lagerungsmethode ist und sich für bis zu 24 Monate eignet. Kühlung wird bevorzugt, da sie unnötige Gefrier-Tau-Zyklen bei routinemäßiger Handhabung minimiert. Wenn eine deutlich längerfristige Lagerung erforderlich ist, können auch ungeöffnete gefriergetrocknete Vials gefroren aufbewahrt werden. Nach der Rekonstitution immer bei 2–8 °C lagern und nicht einfrieren.

Rekonstitution und Handhabung

SS-31 is supplied as a lyophilised vial and should be handled using standard peptide reconstitution procedures appropriate to the research setting. Must be reconstituted with Bakteriostatisches Wasser Vor Gebrauch. Um die strukturelle Integrität zu erhalten, geben Sie das gewählte Lösungsmittel langsam an der Innenwand des Fläschchens hinzu und nicht direkt auf den Peptidkuchen, und vermeiden Sie kräftiges Schütteln. Sanftes Schwenken ist im Allgemeinen ausreichend, sobald sich das Peptid vollständig gelöst hat. Standardmäßige Laborpraxis beinhaltet auch, gekühlte Fläschchen Raumtemperatur erreichen zu lassen, bevor sie rekonstituiert werden, um die Kondensation im Fläschchen zu minimieren.

Für weitere Informationen zur Lösungsmittelauswahl, zur Konzentrationsplanung und zur Lagerung siehe das vollständige Leitfaden zur Peptidrekonstitution und Rekonstitutionsrechner.

Ausgewählte Referenzen

• Wang Y, et al. Elamipretide: A Review of Its Structure, Mechanism of Action, and Therapeutic Potential, Life, 2025

A comprehensive review covering SS-31’s mechanism, cardiolipin binding, mitochondrial bioenergetics and clinical development.

• Liu Y, et al. Application Research of Novel Peptide Mitochondrial-Targeted Antioxidant SS-31 in Mitigating Mitochondrial Dysfunction, Redox Report, 2024

A detailed review of SS-31’s mechanisms and analysis of 18 clinical trials across mitochondrial disorders and related diseases.

• Chatfield KC, et al. Elamipretide Improves Mitochondrial Function in the Failing Human Heart, JACC: Basic to Translational Science, 2019

Demonstrates improvements in mitochondrial function in human heart tissue and supports SS-31’s cardiolipin-targeted mechanism.

Häufig gestellte Fragen

What is SS-31?

SS-31 (Elamipretide) is a synthetic tetrapeptide that selectively targets mitochondria by binding cardiolipin within the inner mitochondrial membrane. It is widely investigated for mitochondrial repair, cellular energy production and healthy aging research.

Why is SS-31 called a mitochondrial repair peptide?

Unlike most peptides that activate cell-surface receptors, SS-31 directly targets the inner mitochondrial membrane. Research suggests it helps preserve mitochondrial structure, improve bioenergetics and reduce oxidative stress in dysfunctional mitochondria.

How is SS-31 different from MOTS-c?

Both investigate mitochondrial biology, but MOTS-c primarily regulates metabolic signalling, whereas SS-31 focuses on the physical integrity and efficiency of the mitochondrial energy-producing machinery. They investigate complementary aspects of mitochondrial function.

What research areas commonly investigate SS-31?

Current research includes mitochondrial disease, cardiovascular physiology, skeletal muscle function, neurodegeneration, kidney injury, metabolic disorders and healthy aging.

Is SS-31 one of the more clinically studied peptides?

Yes. Compared with many research peptides, SS-31 has advanced into multiple Phase 2 and Phase 3 clinical programmes across several mitochondrial-related diseases, making it one of the best-studied mitochondrial peptides currently available.

Ist dieses Produkt für den menschlichen Gebrauch bestimmt?

No. SS-31 supplied by LIFE Peptide is intended strictly for laboratory and analytical research. It is not intended for human consumption, diagnosis, treatment or prevention of disease.

Verwandter Forschungskontext

SS-31 is frequently discussed alongside other research peptides investigating cellular energy, recovery and healthy aging, although each targets a different level of cellular physiology.

MOTS-c – investigated for metabolic signalling, exercise adaptation and mitochondrial communication.
Epitalon – studied for telomere biology, circadian regulation and healthy aging.
GHK-Cu – investigated for tissue repair, extracellular matrix remodelling and regenerative biology.
ARA-290 – focuses on innate tissue repair, inflammatory signalling and nerve regeneration.
CJC-1295 mit DAC – investigated for sustained growth hormone and IGF-1 signalling that supports anabolic physiology.

Although these peptides are frequently associated with longevity and recovery research, SS-31 stands apart through its direct action on mitochondrial structure and bioenergetics rather than hormonal or metabolic signalling.

ANMERKUNGDies dient ausschließlich zu Bildungszwecken und stellt keine medizinische Beratung dar.

Haftungsausschluss
Dieses Produkt wird ausschließlich zu Forschungszwecken verkauft. Es ist nicht dazu bestimmt, Krankheiten zu diagnostizieren, zu behandeln, zu heilen oder zu verhindern. Der Käufer übernimmt die volle Verantwortung für die ordnungsgemäße Handhabung und Verwendung.